--- title: "durnyk" means "silly, dummy"; among friends it is said laughing, bu… — Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings… · tree and pragmatics description: "durnyk" means "silly, dummy"; among friends it is said laughing, but said angrily it hurts, and it is never said to adults. Who acts: durnyk, silly. A sentence of the lesson «Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only)» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Ukrainian street](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/) / [Friendly name-calling and real insults…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/) / 5 # Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only), sentence 5 "durnyk" means "silly, dummy"; among friends it is said laughing, but said angrily it hurts, and it is never said to adults. **Who acts:** durnyk, silly · **What happens:** mean, say, laugh, hurt, not say · **To what, where:** silly, adults · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Friendly name-calling and real insults (meanings only)» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (durnyk, silly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:ukrainian-street:026-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults.lesson:5 # text = "durnyk" means "silly, dummy"; among friends it is said laughing, but said angrily it hurts, and it is never said to adults. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = ukrainian-street # lesson = 026-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 durnyk durnyk PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 6 silly silly NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 8 dummy dummy NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 appos _ _ 9 " " PUNCT '' _ 8 punct _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 11 among among ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 12 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 15 aux:pass _ _ 15 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj 16 laughing laugh VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 xcomp _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 18 but but CCONJ CC _ 19 cc _ _ 19 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 20 angrily angrily ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=22:advmod 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 hurts hurt VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 ccomp _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=28:expl 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 aux:pass _ _ 27 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 28 advmod _ _ 28 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 15 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=4:conj 29 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 adults adult NOUN NNS Number=Plur 28 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | durnyk | silly | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silly=Topic | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | silly | | | | among friends | tree rules | | 3 | **laugh** | gerund | | | | | | | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | durnyk *not said here* | | | | | angrily *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **hurt** | present | silly | | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP-PRO-ARB»: agent=Stimulus | | 6 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | present · passive | | silly | adults | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to adult=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:ukrainian-street:026-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Friendly name-calling and real insults…, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/4/) - next →: [Friendly name-calling and real insults…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/26-friendly-name-calling-and-real-insults/)