--- title: Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy" — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy"», a lesson of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: A Ukrainian sim'yA (family) is often big and close: brat and sestrA, cousins who feel almost like brothers, auntie --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [Ukrainian street](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/) / Brothers, aunties, cousins and the pol… # Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy" Lesson 6 of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school: 16 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/0/) — A Ukrainian sim'yA (family) is often big and close: brat and sestrA, cousins who feel almost like brothers, aunties, uncles and godparents at every party. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/1/) — Many families also use TItko (auntie) and DYAdko (uncle) for close family friends, the way some English kids say «Auntie Sue» to Mum's best friend. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/2/) — The golden rule for a guest is the little word vy: kids say vy, the polite «you», to the friend's mum, dad, granny and teachers, and keep ty for friends. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/3/) — Teachers and older adults are called by first name plus father's name — if a teacher is Olena and her father was Petro, she is Olena PetrIvna, and getting that ending right sounds very respectful. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/4/) — brat means brother, as in tse miy brat, that's my brother; between boys bratan or brO means bro. - [5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/5/) — sestrA means sister, and sestrychka is a loving word for a little sister. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/6/) — molOdshyi brat means younger brother, and stArshyi means older. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/7/) — TItka or TItochka means auntie, and kids also say TItko politely to women friends of the family; calling a strange woman TItka in a shop can sound rude. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/8/) — DYAdko means uncle or a man friend of the family; DYAdya is more Russian-sounding but common. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/9/) — dvoYUrIdnyi brat means cousin, a boy cousin, and cousins are very close in many Ukrainian families. - [10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/10/) — sim'yA means family; the apostrophe marks a little break, seem-YAH. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/11/) — batkY means parents, as in de tvoyi batky? (where are your parents?), while bAtko is a formal word for father. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/12/) — vy is the polite «you» to grown-ups; saying ty to the friend's granny is cheeky, and even where kids say ty to their own mum, a guest uses vy. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/13/) — Teachers and older adults are addressed by first name and father's name, for example Olena PetrIvna. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/14/) — onUk is grandson and onUka granddaughter, the granny's words for her grandchildren. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/15/) — khreshchEnyi and khreshchEna mean godfather and godmother; godparents are treated almost as family. - ← previous: [How old are you, where from, and meet the family](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/5-how-old-where-from-meet-the-family/) - next →: [Calling Mum and Granny; counting one to eight](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/7-calling-mum-and-granny-one-to-eight/) - ↑ back to [Ukrainian street](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/)