---
title: khreshchEnyi and khreshchEna mean godfather and godmother; godparent… — Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy" · tree and pragmatics
description: khreshchEnyi and khreshchEna mean godfather and godmother; godparents are treated almost as family. Who acts: khreshchEnyi. A sentence of the lesson «Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy"» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy", sentence 15

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khreshchEnyi and khreshchEna mean godfather and godmother; godparents are treated almost as family.

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**Who acts:** khreshchEnyi · **What happens:** mean, treat · **To what, where:** godfather, godparents

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Brothers, aunties, cousins and the polite "vy"» of the ukrainian street course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (khreshchEnyi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:ukrainian-street:006-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy.lesson:15
# text = khreshchEnyi and khreshchEna mean godfather and godmother; godparents are treated almost as family.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = ukrainian-street
# lesson = 006-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1
1	khreshchEnyi	khreshchEnyi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=1:cc
3	khreshchEna	khreshchEna	X	FW	Foreign=Yes	1	conj	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
5	godfather	godfather	NOUN	NN	_	4	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	godmother	godmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
9	godparents	godparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	treated	treat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
12	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=11:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | khreshchEnyi | godfather and godmother |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent godfather=Topic |
| 2 | **treat** | present · passive |  | godparents |  |  |  | as family | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Theme as family=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:ukrainian-street:006-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy.lesson:15`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Brothers, aunties, cousins and the pol…, 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/14/)
- next →: [Calling Mum and Granny; counting one t…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/7-calling-mum-and-granny-one-to-eight/2/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/ukrainian-street/6-brothers-aunties-cousins-polite-vy/)