---
title: The electric telegraph sent messages as pulses of electric current a… — Communication: letters, phones, radio and the in… · tree and pragmatics
description: The electric telegraph sent messages as pulses of electric current along wires. Who acts: electric telegraph. A sentence of the lesson «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet, sentence 13

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The electric telegraph sent messages as pulses of electric current along wires.

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**Who acts:** electric telegraph · **What happens:** send, pulse · **To what, where:** messages, electric current

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (electric telegraph), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet.lesson:13
# text = The electric telegraph sent messages as pulses of electric current along wires.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 100-communication-letters-to-internet.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	telegraph	telegraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	messages	message	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	pulses	pulse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	electric	electric	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	current	current	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	along	along	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	wires	wire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | the electric telegraph | messages |  |  |  | as pulses of electric current along wires | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent message=Theme |
| 2 | **pulse** |  |  | electric current along wires |  |  |  |  | nom pulse «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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