---
title: From 1866 a telegraph cable under the Atlantic Ocean joined Europe a… — Communication: letters, phones, radio and the in… · tree and pragmatics
description: From 1866 a telegraph cable under the Atlantic Ocean joined Europe and North America. Who acts: telegraph cable. A sentence of the lesson «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet, sentence 16

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From 1866 a telegraph cable under the Atlantic Ocean joined Europe and North America.

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**Who acts:** telegraph cable · **What happens:** join · **To what, where:** Europe, 1866

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Communication: letters, phones, radio and the internet» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (telegraph cable), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet.lesson:16
# text = From 1866 a telegraph cable under the Atlantic Ocean joined Europe and North America.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 100-communication-letters-to-internet.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	From	from	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	1866	1866	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	obl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	telegraph	telegraph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	cable	cable	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	under	under	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Atlantic	Atlantic	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	joined	join	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Europe	Europe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **join** | past | a telegraph cable under the Atlantic Ocean | Europe and North America |  | 1866 |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent europe=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:100-communication-letters-to-internet.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Communication: letters, phones, radio…, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/15/)
- next →: [Communication: letters, phones, radio…, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/17/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/100-communication-letters-to-internet/)