---
title: On a Roman clock I = 1, V = 5 and X = 10, so III is 3, VI is 6, IX i… — Reading the clock: hours, minutes and the two ha… · tree and pragmatics
description: On a Roman clock I = 1, V = 5 and X = 10, so III is 3, VI is 6, IX is 9 and XII is 12; some clocks show 4 as IIII because clockmakers liked how it looked. Who acts: I, III, IX, XII. A sentence of the lesson «Reading the clock: hours, minutes and the two hands» of the world course of Mova's primary s
---

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# Reading the clock: hours, minutes and the two hands, sentence 18

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On a Roman clock I = 1, V = 5 and X = 10, so III is 3, VI is 6, IX is 9 and XII is 12; some clocks show 4 as IIII because clockmakers liked how it looked.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, III, IX, XII, clocks, clockmakers · **What happens:** =, be, show, like, look · **To what, where:** 1 V, Roman clock, 3, 6, 9, 12

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Reading the clock: hours, minutes and the two hands» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, III, IX, XII), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:101-reading-the-clock-hours-minutes-hands.lesson:18
# text = On a Roman clock I = 1, V = 5 and X = 10, so III is 3, VI is 6, IX is 9 and XII is 12; some clocks show 4 as IIII because clockmakers liked how it looked.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 101-reading-the-clock-hours-minutes-hands.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Roman	roman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:compound|HaikuPos=PROPN:NNP:Number=Sing
4	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
5	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	=	=	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	V	v	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	=	=	SYM	SYM	_	11	case	_	_
11	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	X	X	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	vocative	_	_
14	=	=	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
15	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	11	conj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
17	so	so	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
18	III	III	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	24	nsubj	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	parataxis	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=20:punct
22	VI	VI	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	24	nsubj	_	_
23	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	20	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	IX	IX	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	24	conj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	XII	xii	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
31	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
32	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	28	conj	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
34	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	35	det	_	_
35	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	nsubj	_	_
36	show	show	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
37	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	36	obj	_	_
38	as	as	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	IIII	iiii	NUM	CD	NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card	36	obl	_	_
40	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
41	clockmakers	clockmaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj	_	_
42	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	36	advcl	_	_
43	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	45	advmod	_	_
44	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	conj	_	_
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **=** | present | I | 1 V |  | a Roman clock |  | = 5 | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | 3 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present | III | 6 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | IX | 9 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **is a** | present | XII | 12 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **show** | present | some clocks | 4 |  |  |  | as IIII | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent 4=Recipient |
| 7 | **like** | past | clockmakers |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot |
| 8 | **look** | past | clock |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:101-reading-the-clock-hours-minutes-hands.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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