--- title: "Past" means after the hour and "to" means before the next one. — Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really… · tree and pragmatics description: "Past" means after the hour and "to" means before the next one. Who acts: Past. A sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Quarter past, quarter to, and how peop…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/) / 1 # Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time, sentence 1 "Past" means after the hour and "to" means before the next one. **Who acts:** Past · **What happens:** mean This is a sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Past), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:1 # text = "Past" means after the hour and "to" means before the next one. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ _ 2 Past past NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=4:nsubj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJ:Degree=Pos 3 " " PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 4 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 after after ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 hour hour NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 9 " " PUNCT `` _ 10 punct _ _ 10 to to PART TO _ 12 nsubj _ _ 11 " " PUNCT '' _ 10 punct _ _ 12 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 13 before before ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 next next ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 17 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: other - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Past | | | | hour | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **mean** | present | | | | | before the next one | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Quarter past, quarter to, and how peop…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/0/) - next →: [Quarter past, quarter to, and how peop…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/)