--- title: 7:45 can be said "seven forty-five" or "quarter to eight"; "three qu… — Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really… · tree and pragmatics description: 7:45 can be said "seven forty-five" or "quarter to eight"; "three quarters past seven" is also true, because 3 × 15 = 45, but almost nobody says it. A sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Quarter past, quarter to, and how peop…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/) / 21 # Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time, sentence 21 7:45 can be said "seven forty-five" or "quarter to eight"; "three quarters past seven" is also true, because 3 × 15 = 45, but almost nobody says it. **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** 7:45, back · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:21 # text = 7:45 can be said "seven forty-five" or "quarter to eight"; "three quarters past seven" is also true, because 3 × 15 = 45, but almost nobody says it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 7:45 7:45 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 3 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 4 aux:pass _ _ 4 said say VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=7:punct 6 seven seven NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 nummod _ _ 7 forty forty NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 9 compound _ _ 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 9 punct _ _ 9 five five NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 1 appos _ _ 10 " " PUNCT '' _ 9 punct _ _ 11 or or CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 13 punct _ _ 13 quarter quarter NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 conj _ _ 14 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 15 eight eight NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 13 nmod _ _ 16 " " PUNCT '' _ 13 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=15:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 18 " " PUNCT `` _ 19 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=19:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 19 three three NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 20 nummod _ _ 20 quarters quarter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 21 past past ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 seven seven NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 20 nmod _ _ 23 " " PUNCT '' _ 26 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=26:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 24 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 cop _ _ 25 also also ADV RB _ 26 advmod _ _ 26 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 parataxis _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 28 because because SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 29 3 3 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 nummod _ _ 30 × × SYM SYM Number=Sing 38 nsubj:outer _ _ 31 15 15 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 flat _ _ 32 = = SYM SYM _ 33 case _ _ 33 45 45 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 30 nmod _ _ 34 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 35 but but CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ _ 36 almost almost ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 38 nsubj _ _ 38 says say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 parataxis _ _ 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | can · passive | | 7:45 | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | | 2 | **is** | present | | | | | | true *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | | back | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Quarter past, quarter to, and how peop…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/20/) - next →: [Quarter past, quarter to, and how peop…, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/22/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time/)