---
title: Once the long hand passes half past, people switch to "to": twenty t… — Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really… · tree and pragmatics
description: Once the long hand passes half past, people switch to "to": twenty to ten is 9:40. Who acts: long hand, people, twenty. A sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of 
---

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# Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time, sentence 3

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Once the long hand passes half past, people switch to "to": twenty to ten is 9:40.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** long hand, people, twenty · **What happens:** pass, switch, be · **To what, where:** half, 9:40

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Quarter past, quarter to, and how people really say the time» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (long hand, people, twenty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:3
# text = Once the long hand passes half past, people switch to "to": twenty to ten is 9:40.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	passes	pass	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
6	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
7	past	past	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	switch	switch	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
12	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=14:punct
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
16	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nsubj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nmod	_	_
19	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
20	9:40	9:40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	parataxis	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | present | the long hand | half |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme half=Trajectory |
| 2 | **switch** | present | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present | twenty to ten | 9:40 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:102-quarter-past-quarter-to-saying-the-time.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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