--- title: Words people use: "-ish" means roughly ("eight-ish" is about 8), "ha… — Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock · tree and pragmatics description: Words people use: "-ish" means roughly ("eight-ish" is about 8), "half eight" is 8:30 in Britain, and "graveyard shift" is slang for a very late night shift. Who acts: people, ish, eight ish, eight. A sentence of the lesson «Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock» of the world course of Mova's pri --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock/22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock/) / 22 # Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock, sentence 22 Words people use: "-ish" means roughly ("eight-ish" is about 8), "half eight" is 8:30 in Britain, and "graveyard shift" is slang for a very late night shift. **Who acts:** people, ish, eight ish, eight, graveyard shift · **What happens:** use, mean, be · **To what, where:** Words, 8, 8:30, Britain, slang This is a sentence of the lesson «Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, ish, eight ish, eight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock.lesson:22 # text = Words people use: "-ish" means roughly ("eight-ish" is about 8), "half eight" is 8:30 in Britain, and "graveyard shift" is slang for a very late night shift. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obj _ _ 2 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 3 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ _ 6 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ _ 7 ish ish NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 9 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 10 roughly roughly ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 19 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=15:punct 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 15 punct _ _ 13 eight eight NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 14 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 13 punct _ _ 15 ish ish NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ _ 16 " " PUNCT '' _ 15 punct _ _ 17 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 cop _ _ 18 about about ADV RB _ 19 advmod _ _ 19 8 8 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ _ 20 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 19 punct _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 22 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 23 half half DET PDT _ 24 det:predet _ _ 24 eight eight NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 27 nsubj _ _ 25 " " PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=27:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:``:_ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 cop _ _ 27 8:30 8:30 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 3 parataxis _ _ 28 in in ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 nmod _ _ 30 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 32 " " PUNCT `` _ 34 punct _ _ 33 graveyard graveyard NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 shift shift NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:compound 35 " " PUNCT '' _ 34 punct _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 slang slang NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 parataxis _ _ 38 for for ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 39 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 40 very very ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 late late ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 43 amod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=42:amod 42 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 43 compound _ _ 43 shift shift NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=37:nmod 44 . . PUNCT . _ 23 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | people | Words | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Patient | | 2 | **mean** | present | ish | | | | | roughly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** | present | eight ish | 8 | | | | about *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | half eight | 8:30 | | Britain | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is a** | present | graveyard shift | slang | | | | for a late night shift | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock.lesson:22`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Morning, afternoon and the 24-hour clock, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock/21/) - next →: [Timetables: buses, trains, TV and the…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/104-timetables-buses-trains-school-day/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/103-morning-afternoon-24-hour-clock/)