--- title: Words people use: "knackered" means broken or very tired (UK), "in t… — Why time flies and why it drags · tree and pragmatics description: Words people use: "knackered" means broken or very tired (UK), "in the zone" means so focused you forget everything else, "dreich" means dull and grey (Scotland), "it's giving" means "it seems like" (young US slang) "boss" means great and "sound" means fine or OK (Liverpool, Manchester). Who acts: W --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/27/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Why time flies and why it drags](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/) / 27 # Why time flies and why it drags, sentence 27 Words people use: "knackered" means broken or very tired (UK), "in the zone" means so focused you forget everything else, "dreich" means dull and grey (Scotland), "it's giving" means "it seems like" (young US slang) "boss" means great and "sound" means fine or OK (Liverpool, Manchester). **Who acts:** Words, zone, you, dreich, it, slang boss · **What happens:** use, knacker, mean, break, focus, forget · **To what, where:** everything, Liverpool · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why time flies and why it drags» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Words, zone, you, dreich), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson:27 # text = Words people use: "knackered" means broken or very tired (UK), "in the zone" means so focused you forget everything else, "dreich" means dull and grey (Scotland), "it's giving" means "it seems like" (young US slang) "boss" means great and "sound" means fine or OK (Liverpool, Manchester). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 Words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ _ 2 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=1:appos 3 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 33 advcl _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 5 " " PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 6 knackered knacker VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=8:ccomp 7 " " PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 8 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 9 broken break VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 8 ccomp _ _ 10 or or CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 very very ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 tired tired ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 conj _ _ 13 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 14 UK UK PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 appos _ _ 15 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 14 punct _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 17 " " PUNCT `` _ 20 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=3:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 18 in in ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 zone zone NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 21 " " PUNCT '' _ 20 punct _ _ 22 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 23 so so ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 24 focused focus VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 22 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:ccomp 25 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 forget forget VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 ccomp _ _ 27 everything everything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Tot 26 obj _ _ 28 else else ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 30 " " PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=3:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 31 dreich dreich NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ _ 32 " " PUNCT '' _ 31 punct _ _ 33 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 34 dull dull ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 33 xcomp _ _ 35 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 36 grey grey ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 34 conj _ _ 37 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 38 punct _ _ 38 Scotland Scotland PROPN NNP Number=Sing 33 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=33:obj 39 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 38 punct _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 41 " " PUNCT `` _ 44 punct _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=44:punct|HaikuPos=PUNCT:'':_ 42 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 43 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 giving give VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 33 ccomp _ _ 45 " " PUNCT '' _ 44 punct _ _ 46 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 parataxis _ _ 47 " " PUNCT `` _ 49 punct _ _ 48 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 49 nsubj _ _ 49 seems seem VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 46 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=46:conj 50 like like SCONJ IN _ 60 mark _ _ 51 " " PUNCT `` _ 58 punct _ _ 52 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 55 punct _ _ 53 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 55 amod _ _ 54 US US PROPN NNP Number=Sing 55 compound _ _ 55 slang slang NOUN NN Number=Sing 58 compound _ _ 56 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 55 punct _ _ 57 " " PUNCT `` _ 58 punct _ _ 58 boss boss NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nsubj _ _ 59 " " PUNCT '' _ 58 punct _ _ 60 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 advcl:relcl _ _ 61 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 60 xcomp _ _ 62 and and CCONJ CC _ 66 cc _ _ 63 " " PUNCT `` _ 64 punct _ _ 64 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 66 nsubj _ _ 65 " " PUNCT '' _ 64 punct _ _ 66 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 60 conj _ _ 67 fine fine ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 66 xcomp _ _ 68 or or CCONJ CC _ 69 cc _ _ 69 OK ok ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 67 conj _ _ 70 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 71 punct _ _ 71 Liverpool Liverpool PROPN NNP Number=Sing 66 obj _ _ 72 , , PUNCT , _ 73 punct _ _ 73 Manchester Manchester PROPN NNP Number=Sing 71 conj _ _ 74 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 71 punct _ _ 75 . . PUNCT . _ 33 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **use** | present | Words | | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **knacker** *in a quote* | past | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **break** | participle | | | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **mean** | present | the zone | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 6 | **focus** *not said to happen* | participle | the zone *not said here* | | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **forget** | present | you | everything | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **mean** | present | dreich | | | | | dull *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 9 | **give** *in a quote* | present · progressive | dreich | | | | | | tree rules | | 10 | **mean** | present | | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 11 | **seem** *in a quote* | present | it | | | | | | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme | | 12 | **mean** | present | slang boss | | | | | great *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 13 | **mean** | present | sound | Liverpool and Manchester | | | | fine *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent liverpool=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson:27`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×4, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why time flies and why it drags, 26](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/26/) - next →: [Days, weeks and months, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/111-days-weeks-and-months/0/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/)