--- title: Scientists study this by asking people to guess how long things took. — Why time flies and why it drags · tree and pragmatics description: Scientists study this by asking people to guess how long things took. Who acts: Scientists, things. A sentence of the lesson «Why time flies and why it drags» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Why time flies and why it drags](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/) / 9 # Why time flies and why it drags, sentence 9 Scientists study this by asking people to guess how long things took. **Who acts:** Scientists, things · **What happens:** study, ask, guess, take · **To what, where:** this, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Why time flies and why it drags» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Scientists, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson:9 # text = Scientists study this by asking people to guess how long things took. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ _ 2 study study VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 obj _ _ 4 by by SCONJ IN _ 5 mark _ _ 5 asking ask VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 2 advcl _ _ 6 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ _ 7 to to PART TO _ 8 mark _ _ 8 guess guess VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 9 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 advmod _ _ 10 long long ADV RB Degree=Pos 12 advmod _ _ 11 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 nsubj _ _ 12 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 ccomp _ _ 13 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **study** | present | Scientists | this | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Topic | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | Scientists *not said here* | | people | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent people=Recipient clause=Topic | | 3 | **guess** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Scientists *not said here* | | | | | | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 4 | **take** | past | things | | | | | long *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags.lesson:9`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Why time flies and why it drags, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/6/) - next →: [Why time flies and why it drags, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/10/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/110-why-time-flies-and-why-it-drags/)