--- title: People born on 29 February, called leaplings, have their real birthd… — Leap years and 29 February birthdays · tree and pragmatics description: People born on 29 February, called leaplings, have their real birthday date only once every 4 years, but they still grow one year older every year. Who acts: People. A sentence of the lesson «Leap years and 29 February birthdays» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Leap years and 29 February birthdays](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/) / 7 # Leap years and 29 February birthdays, sentence 7 People born on 29 February, called leaplings, have their real birthday date only once every 4 years, but they still grow one year older every year. **Who acts:** People · **What happens:** bear, call, have, grow · **To what, where:** People, 29, leaplings, real birthday date · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Leap years and 29 February birthdays» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays.lesson:7 # text = People born on 29 February, called leaplings, have their real birthday date only once every 4 years, but they still grow one year older every year. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2 1 People people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 2 born bear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl _ _ 3 on on ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 29 29 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 2 obl _ _ 5 February February PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nmod:unmarked _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 acl _ _ 8 leaplings leapling NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 xcomp _ _ 9 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 10 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 12 real real ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 amod _ _ 13 birthday birthday NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 date date NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 15 only only ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 10 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:advmod 17 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 19 det _ _ 18 4 4 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl:unmarked _ _ 20 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 21 but but CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 22 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 23 still still ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 24 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 conj _ _ 25 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 26 nummod _ _ 26 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obl:unmarked _ _ 27 older old ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 24 xcomp _ _ 28 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 29 det _ _ 29 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl:unmarked _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:obl:unmarked 30 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **bear** | participle | | People *not said here* | | 29 February | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **call** | participle | People *not said here* | leaplings | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **have** | present | People | People's real birthday date | | | | once *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent date=Patient | | 4 | **grow** | present | People | | | | still; year | old *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Leap years and 29 February birthdays, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/6/) - next →: [Leap years and 29 February birthdays, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/112-leap-years-and-29-february-birthdays/)