--- title: Astronomers (scientists who study the sky) start the seasons at the… — Seasons, terms and holidays · tree and pragmatics description: Astronomers (scientists who study the sky) start the seasons at the equinoxes and solstices: spring at about 20 March, summer at the longest day, about 21 June. Who acts: scientists, Astronomers. A sentence of the lesson «Seasons, terms and holidays» of the world course of Mova's primary school with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/113-seasons-terms-and-holidays/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Seasons, terms and holidays](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/113-seasons-terms-and-holidays/) / 5 # Seasons, terms and holidays, sentence 5 Astronomers (scientists who study the sky) start the seasons at the equinoxes and solstices: spring at about 20 March, summer at the longest day, about 21 June. **Who acts:** scientists, Astronomers · **What happens:** study, start · **To what, where:** sky, equinoxes This is a sentence of the lesson «Seasons, terms and holidays» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scientists, Astronomers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:113-seasons-terms-and-holidays.lesson:5 # text = Astronomers (scientists who study the sky) start the seasons at the equinoxes and solstices: spring at about 20 March, summer at the longest day, about 21 June. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 113-seasons-terms-and-holidays.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Astronomers astronomer NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 2 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 3 punct _ _ 3 scientists scientist NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 appos _ _ 4 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 5 nsubj _ _ 5 study study VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 sky sky NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 8 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 3 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=5:punct 9 start start VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 seasons season NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obj _ _ 12 at at ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 equinoxes equinox NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=11:nmod 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 16 cc _ _ 16 solstices solstice NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 conj _ _ 17 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 18 spring spring NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 nmod _ _ 19 at at ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 20 about about ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 20 20 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 22 nummod _ _ 22 March March PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 24 summer summer NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 conj _ _ 25 at at ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 longest long ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 28 amod _ _ 28 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 30 about about ADV RB _ 31 advmod _ _ 31 21 21 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 32 nummod _ _ 32 June June PROPN NNP Number=Sing 24 nmod:unmarked _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **study** | present | scientists | the sky | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sky=Topic | | 2 | **start** | present | Astronomers | | | the equinoxes spring at 20 March at the longest day and summer 21 June and solstices | season | | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:113-seasons-terms-and-holidays.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Seasons, terms and holidays, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/113-seasons-terms-and-holidays/3/) - next →: [Seasons, terms and holidays, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/113-seasons-terms-and-holidays/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/113-seasons-terms-and-holidays/)