--- title: Russia and Ukraine switched in 1918, when the gap had grown to 13 da… — How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar… · tree and pragmatics description: Russia and Ukraine switched in 1918, when the gap had grown to 13 days (it had been 13 days since 1900), so old papers may show dates as "O.S." (old style, Julian) and "N.S." (new style, Gregorian). Who acts: Russia, gap, old papers. A sentence of the lesson «How our calendar was made: Romans, Juliu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [How our calendar was made: Romans, Jul…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/) / 21 # How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory, sentence 21 Russia and Ukraine switched in 1918, when the gap had grown to 13 days (it had been 13 days since 1900), so old papers may show dates as "O.S." (old style, Julian) and "N.S." (new style, Gregorian). **Who acts:** Russia, gap, old papers · **What happens:** switch, grow, be, show · **To what, where:** 1918, 13 days, dates This is a sentence of the lesson «How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Russia, gap, old papers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:116-how-our-calendar-was-made.lesson:21 # text = Russia and Ukraine switched in 1918, when the gap had grown to 13 days (it had been 13 days since 1900), so old papers may show dates as "O.S." (old style, Julian) and "N.S." (new style, Gregorian). # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 116-how-our-calendar-was-made.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1 1 Russia Russia PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 Ukraine Ukraine PROPN NNP Number=Sing 1 conj _ _ 4 switched switch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 1918 1918 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 4 obl _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 8 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 12 advmod _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 gap gap NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 11 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 aux _ _ 12 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ _ 13 to to ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 13 13 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 15 nummod _ _ 15 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 16 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 nsubj _ _ 18 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 aux _ _ 19 been be AUX VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 21 cop _ _ 20 13 13 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nummod _ _ 21 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 appos _ _ 22 since since ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 23 1900 1900 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 nmod _ _ 24 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 21 punct _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 27 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 papers paper NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 29 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 4 parataxis _ _ 31 dates date NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 32 as as ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 " " PUNCT `` _ 34 punct _ _ 34 O.S O.S PROPN NNP Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 30 punct _ _ 36 " " PUNCT '' _ 30 punct _ _ 37 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 39 punct _ _ 38 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 39 style style NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 appos _ _ 40 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 41 Julian julian ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 39 amod _ _ 42 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 39 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 44 " " PUNCT `` _ 45 punct _ _ 45 N.S N.S PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 conj _ _ 46 . . PUNCT . _ 45 punct _ _ 47 " " PUNCT '' _ 45 punct _ _ 48 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 50 punct _ _ 49 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 50 amod _ _ 50 style style NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 appos _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 52 Gregorian Gregorian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 50 appos _ _ 53 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 50 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=52:punct 54 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **switch** | past | Russia and Ukraine | | | 1918 | | | vn convert-26.6.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 2 | **grow** | past · perfect | the gap | | | | day | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **is a** | past · perfect | gap | 13 days | | | since 1900 | | tree rules | | 4 | **show** | may | old papers | dates | | | | as O.S and N.S | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent date=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:116-how-our-calendar-was-made.lesson:21`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How our calendar was made: Romans, Jul…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/20/) - next →: [How our calendar was made: Romans, Jul…, 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/22/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/)