--- title: Tiny, but after about 1,600 years the calendar had slipped 10 days,… — How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar… · tree and pragmatics description: Tiny, but after about 1,600 years the calendar had slipped 10 days, so in 1582 Pope Gregory XIII cut 10 dates out once and changed the rule: a century year is a leap year only if it divides by 400. Who acts: calendar, Pope Gregory, century year. A sentence of the lesson «How our calendar was made: R --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [How our calendar was made: Romans, Jul…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/) / 7 # How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory, sentence 7 Tiny, but after about 1,600 years the calendar had slipped 10 days, so in 1582 Pope Gregory XIII cut 10 dates out once and changed the rule: a century year is a leap year only if it divides by 400. **Who acts:** calendar, Pope Gregory, century year · **What happens:** slip, cut, change, be, divide · **To what, where:** 1582, rule, leap year This is a sentence of the lesson «How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (calendar, Pope Gregory, century year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:116-how-our-calendar-was-made.lesson:7 # text = Tiny, but after about 1,600 years the calendar had slipped 10 days, so in 1582 Pope Gregory XIII cut 10 dates out once and changed the rule: a century year is a leap year only if it divides by 400. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 116-how-our-calendar-was-made.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Tiny tiny ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 2 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 3 but but CCONJ CC _ 11 cc _ _ 4 after after ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 about about ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 1,600 1,600 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 7 nummod _ _ 7 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 calendar calendar NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ _ 10 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 aux _ _ 11 slipped slip VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 1 conj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=1:parataxis 12 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 nummod _ _ 13 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 obl:unmarked _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 15 so so ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=27:advmod 16 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 1582 1582 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 21 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=19:nummod 18 Pope pope NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 compound _ _ 19 Gregory gregory NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 20 XIII XIII NUM CD NumForm=Roman|NumType=Card 19 flat _ _ 21 cut cut VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 conj _ _ 22 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 dates date NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obj _ _ 24 out out ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 21 advmod _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 changed change VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 rule rule NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 : : PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 32 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 compound _ _ 33 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 36 leap leap NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 compound _ _ 37 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 parataxis _ _ 38 only only ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=37:advmod 39 if if SCONJ IN _ 41 mark _ _ 40 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 nsubj _ _ 41 divides divide VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 advcl _ _ 42 by by ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 400 400 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 41 obl _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **slip** | past · perfect | the calendar | | | | day; year | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 2 | **cut** | past | Pope Gregory | 1582 | | | | once *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset date=Product | | 3 | **change** | past | Pope Gregory *not said here* | the rule | | | | | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient | | 4 | **is a** | present | a century year | a leap year | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **divide** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | calendar | | | | | by 400 | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent by 400=Co-Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:116-how-our-calendar-was-made.lesson:7`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [How our calendar was made: Romans, Jul…, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/6/) - next →: [How our calendar was made: Romans, Jul…, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/8/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/)