--- title: Other calendars: Chinese New Year, Islamic and Jewish calendars, and Christmas in Ukraine — a lesson of Mova's school · trees and pragmatics description: «Other calendars: Chinese New Year, Islamic and Jewish calendars, and Christmas in Ukraine», a lesson of the world course of Mova's primary school, sentence by sentence with dependency trees and pragmatics. It begins: A calendar can follow the Sun, the Moon, or both. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / Other calendars: Chinese New Year, Isl… # Other calendars: Chinese New Year, Islamic and Jewish calendars, and Christmas in Ukraine Lesson 117 of the world course of Mova's primary school: 20 sentences, each with its syntax tree and pragmatics. The lessons are written for Mova, and their agreed trees are part of Mova corpus 0.4 (CC BY-SA 4.0). How Mova does on its tests: [the lesson at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/world/117-other-calendars/). - [0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/0/) — A calendar can follow the Sun, the Moon, or both. - [1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/1/) — The Sun gives the year and its seasons; the Moon gives a month of about 29 and a half days, from one new moon to the next. - [2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/2/) — Twelve Moon months make about 354 days, about 11 days short of a Sun year, so every calendar has to choose. - [3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/3/) — The Islamic calendar follows only the Moon, so Ramadan, the month of fasting, comes about 11 days earlier each year and travels through every season in about 33 years: one summer with long fasting days, years later a winter with short ones. - [4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/4/) — The Chinese and Jewish calendars follow both. - [6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/6/) — Ukraine shows how calendars live inside families. - [7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/7/) — The Orthodox church kept the old Julian calendar, so Christmas was on 7 January, which is 25 December in the Julian calendar. - [8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/8/) — In 2023 the state Christmas holiday became 25 December, though some families and churches still keep 7 January, and many still enjoy the "Old New Year" on 14 January. - [9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/9/) — New Year can be in winter, spring or autumn: Nowruz, the Persian New Year, comes on the first day of spring, about 20 or 21 March, and Ethiopian New Year in September. - [11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/11/) — The Chinese zodiac has 12 animals in order: Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog, Pig; the cycle repeats every 12 years. - [12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/12/) — 2016 was a Year of the Monkey, 2024 a Year of the Dragon and 2026 a Year of the Horse. - [13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/13/) — The Islamic calendar follows only the Moon: 12 months of 29 or 30 days, about 354 days a year. - [14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/14/) — Ramadan, when many Muslims fast from dawn to sunset, starts about 11 days earlier each year on our calendar. - [15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/15/) — An Islamic month begins when the thin new crescent moon is seen, or by calculation, so Eid (the festival at the end of Ramadan) can fall a day apart in different places. - [16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/16/) — Islamic years are counted from 622, when the Prophet Muhammad moved from Mecca to Medina; because the years are shorter, the year number is now about 1447 to 1448, more than 2026 − 622 = 1,404. - [17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/17/) — In the Jewish calendar a day begins at sunset, so Shabbat, the day of rest, runs from Friday evening to Saturday night, about 25 hours. - [18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/18/) — The Jewish calendar adds a 13th month in 7 years out of every 19, so its holidays always stay in the same season. - [19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/19/) — 25 December in the old Julian calendar is 7 January in ours, because the gap is now 13 days. - [20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/20/) — In 2023 Ukraine made 25 December the state Christmas holiday; some Ukrainians and churches still celebrate on 7 January. - [21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/117-other-calendars/21/) — The "Old New Year" on 14 January is 1 January in the old Julian calendar. - ← previous: [How our calendar was made: Romans, Julius Caesar and Pope Gregory](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/116-how-our-calendar-was-made/) - next →: [Day and night, shadows and sundials](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/) - ↑ back to [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/)