---
title: A sundial shows Sun time; in British summer time clocks are 1 hour a… — Day and night, shadows and sundials · tree and pragmatics
description: A sundial shows Sun time; in British summer time clocks are 1 hour ahead of it, so 1 pm on a sundial is 2 pm on a watch. Who acts: sundial, clocks, 1 pm. A sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Day and night, shadows and sundials, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A sundial shows Sun time; in British summer time clocks are 1 hour ahead of it, so 1 pm on a sundial is 2 pm on a watch.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sundial, clocks, 1 pm · **What happens:** show, be, p.m. · **To what, where:** 2, watch

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sundial, clocks, 1 pm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:14
# text = A sundial shows Sun time; in British summer time clocks are 1 hour ahead of it, so 1 pm on a sundial is 2 pm on a watch.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sundial	sundial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	British	British	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
9	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
11	clocks	clock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	cop	_	_
13	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	3	parataxis	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
19	so	so	ADV	RB	_	27	advmod	_	_
20	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	21	nummod	_	_
21	pm	p.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	sundial	sundial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	pm	p.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	parataxis	_	_
28	on	on	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	_
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | a sundial |  |  |  | time |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present | clocks |  |  |  | hour; time | of stick; ahead *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | 2 |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **p.m.** |  | 1 pm on a sundial |  |  | a watch |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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