---
title: The Earth's axis is tilted, so away from the equator summer days are… — Day and night, shadows and sundials · tree and pragmatics
description: The Earth's axis is tilted, so away from the equator summer days are long and winter days are short. Who acts: summer days, winter days. A sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cl
---

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# Day and night, shadows and sundials, sentence 16

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Earth's axis is tilted, so away from the equator summer days are long and winter days are short.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** summer days, winter days · **What happens:** tilt, be · **To what, where:** axis

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (summer days, winter days), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:16
# text = The Earth's axis is tilted, so away from the equator summer days are long and winter days are short.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	axis	axis	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	tilted	tilt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
18	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nsubj	_	_
20	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
21	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tilt** | present · passive |  | the Earth's axis |  |  |  | away *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | the summer days |  |  |  |  | long *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | winter days |  |  |  |  | short *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:16`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Day and night, shadows and sundials, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/15/)
- next →: [Day and night, shadows and sundials, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/17/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/)