--- title: A sundial is a stick, called a gnomon, that throws a shadow onto mar… — Day and night, shadows and sundials · tree and pragmatics description: A sundial is a stick, called a gnomon, that throws a shadow onto marks; as the Earth turns, the shadow creeps round like a clock hand. Who acts: sundial, stick, Earth, shadow. A sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its depende --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Day and night, shadows and sundials](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/) / 5 # Day and night, shadows and sundials, sentence 5 A sundial is a stick, called a gnomon, that throws a shadow onto marks; as the Earth turns, the shadow creeps round like a clock hand. **Who acts:** sundial, stick, Earth, shadow · **What happens:** be, call, throw, turn, creep · **To what, where:** stick, gnomon, shadow, marks · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Day and night, shadows and sundials» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sundial, stick, Earth, shadow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:5 # text = A sundial is a stick, called a gnomon, that throws a shadow onto marks; as the Earth turns, the shadow creeps round like a clock hand. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 A a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 sundial sundial NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 stick stick NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 5 acl _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 gnomon gnomon NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=7:obj 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 throws throw VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 onto onto ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 marks mark NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl _ _ 17 ; ; PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 18 as as SCONJ IN _ 21 mark _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=21:det 20 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ _ 21 turns turn VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 advcl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 25 creeps creep VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 26 round round ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 27 like like ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 clock clock NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 compound _ _ 30 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=26:obl 31 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a sundial | a stick | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **call** | participle | a stick *not said here* | a gnomon | | | | | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **throw** | present | a stick | a shadow | | marks | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme onto mark=Destination | | 4 | **turn** | present | the Earth | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **creep** | present | the shadow | | | | | like a clock hand; round *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:118-day-night-shadows-sundials.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Day and night, shadows and sundials, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/4/) - next →: [Day and night, shadows and sundials, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/118-day-night-shadows-sundials/)