---
title: Water expands when it freezes, so ice takes up more space than the w… — Melting, freezing and boiling · tree and pragmatics
description: Water expands when it freezes, so ice takes up more space than the water it came from. Who acts: Water, ice. A sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Melting, freezing and boiling, sentence 13

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Water expands when it freezes, so ice takes up more space than the water it came from.

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**Who acts:** Water, ice · **What happens:** expand, freeze, take up, come · **To what, where:** more space, water

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Melting, freezing and boiling» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Water, ice), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:012-melting-freezing-boiling.lesson:13
# text = Water expands when it freezes, so ice takes up more space than the water it came from.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 012-melting-freezing-boiling.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	expands	expand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	freezes	freeze	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=2:conj
10	up	up	ADP	RP	_	9	compound:prt	_	_
11	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	amod	_	_
12	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	obl	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **expand** | present | Water |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **freeze** | present | water |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **take up** | present | ice | more space |  |  |  | than the water | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent space=Theme |
| 4 | **come** | past | ice | the water *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location water=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:012-melting-freezing-boiling.lesson:13`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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