---
title: New York is usually 5 hours behind London, so 2 pm in London is 9 am… — Time zones: why it's night in Sydney when it's d… · tree and pragmatics
description: New York is usually 5 hours behind London, so 2 pm in London is 9 am in New York. Who acts: New, 2 pm. A sentence of the lesson «Time zones: why it's night in Sydney when it's day in London» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Time zones: why it's night in Sydney when it's day in London, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
New York is usually 5 hours behind London, so 2 pm in London is 9 am in New York.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** New, 2 pm · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** 5 hours, London, 9, New York

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Time zones: why it's night in Sydney when it's day in London» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (New, 2 pm), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:120-time-zones.lesson:14
# text = New York is usually 5 hours behind London, so 2 pm in London is 9 am in New York.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 120-time-zones.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1
1	New	New	PROPN	NNP	_	6	nsubj	_	_
2	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	Agree=R2-punct-next|Haiku=6:punct
10	so	so	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
11	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	pm	p.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	London	London	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	9	9	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	conj	_	_
17	am	a.m.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:unmarked	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	New	New	PROPN	NNP	_	20	flat	_	_
20	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | New | 5 hours |  | London |  | usually *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | 2 pm in London | 9 |  | New York |  | am *nmod:unmarked* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:120-time-zones.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Time zones: why it's night in Sydney w…, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/120-time-zones/13/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/120-time-zones/)