---
title: A water clock lets water drip out at a steady speed, and the level f… — Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, ca… · tree and pragmatics
description: A water clock lets water drip out at a steady speed, and the level falls past a mark for each hour; it works at night and on cloudy days. Who acts: water clock, water, level, clock. A sentence of the lesson «Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses» of the world course o
---

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# Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A water clock lets water drip out at a steady speed, and the level falls past a mark for each hour; it works at night and on cloudy days.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** water clock, water, level, clock · **What happens:** let, drip out, fall, work · **To what, where:** steady speed, mark

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water clock, water, level, clock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson:14
# text = A water clock lets water drip out at a steady speed, and the level falls past a mark for each hour; it works at night and on cloudy days.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:det
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	clock	clock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lets	let	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	drip	drip	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	out	out	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	steady	steady	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=4:cc
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	falls	fall	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
17	past	past	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	mark	mark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	works	work	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=16:conj
26	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	on	on	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl:unmarked	_	_
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** | present | a water clock |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drip out** | infinitive | water |  |  | a steady speed |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 3 | **fall** | present | the level |  |  | a mark for each hour |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme past mark=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **work** | present | clock |  |  |  | day; night |  | vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson:14`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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