--- title: In 1088 in China, Su Song built a water-powered clock tower over 10… — Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, ca… · tree and pragmatics description: In 1088 in China, Su Song built a water-powered clock tower over 10 metres high that also showed the movement of the stars; that was 938 years before 2026. Who acts: Su Song, powered clock tower, that. A sentence of the lesson «Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses» o --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/122-clocks-before-clocks/20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Clocks before clocks: sundials, water…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/122-clocks-before-clocks/) / 20 # Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses, sentence 20 In 1088 in China, Su Song built a water-powered clock tower over 10 metres high that also showed the movement of the stars; that was 938 years before 2026. **Who acts:** Su Song, powered clock tower, that · **What happens:** build, power, show, be, move · **To what, where:** powered clock tower, 1088, movement, 938 years, stars This is a sentence of the lesson «Clocks before clocks: sundials, water clocks, candles and hourglasses» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Su Song, powered clock tower, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson:20 # text = In 1088 in China, Su Song built a water-powered clock tower over 10 metres high that also showed the movement of the stars; that was 938 years before 2026. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 1088 1088 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 8 obl _ _ 3 in in ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 China China PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nmod _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 6 Su Su PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 7 Song song NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 nsubj _ _ 8 built build VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 10 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 compound _ _ 11 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 10 punct _ _ 12 powered power VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 amod _ _ 13 clock clock NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 tower tower NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 obj _ _ 15 over over ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 10 10 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 17 metres metre NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nmod:unmarked _ _ 18 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 19 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj _ _ 20 also also ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 21 showed show VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 acl:relcl _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 movement movement NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 25 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 stars star NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nmod _ _ 27 ; ; PUNCT : _ 8 punct _ _ 28 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 31 nsubj _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 cop _ _ 30 938 938 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 nummod _ _ 31 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 parataxis _ _ 32 before before ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 33 2026 2026 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 31 nmod _ _ 34 . . PUNCT . _ 8 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **build** | past | Su Song | a powered clock tower 10 metres | | 1088 in China | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset tower=Product | | 2 | **power** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **show** | past | a powered clock tower 10 metres | the movement of the stars | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent movement=Recipient | | 4 | **is a** | past | that | 938 years | | | before 2026 | | tree rules | | 5 | **move** | | | the stars | | | | | nom movement «act transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:122-clocks-before-clocks.lesson:20`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Clocks before clocks: sundials, water…, 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/122-clocks-before-clocks/19/) - next →: [Clocks before clocks: sundials, water…, 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/122-clocks-before-clocks/21/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/122-clocks-before-clocks/)