---
title: Galileo noticed that a pendulum takes the same time to swing whether… — Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic cl… · tree and pragmatics
description: Galileo noticed that a pendulum takes the same time to swing whether the swing is big or small. Who acts: Galileo, pendulum, swing. A sentence of the lesson «Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and phones» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and phones, sentence 11

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Galileo noticed that a pendulum takes the same time to swing whether the swing is big or small.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Galileo, pendulum, swing · **What happens:** notice, take, swing, be · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Pendulums, Greenwich and railway time, atomic clocks and phones» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Galileo, pendulum, swing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:123-pendulums-greenwich-atomic-clocks.lesson:11
# text = Galileo noticed that a pendulum takes the same time to swing whether the swing is big or small.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 123-pendulums-greenwich-atomic-clocks.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Galileo	Galileo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
2	noticed	notice	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pendulum	pendulum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	takes	take	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	swing	swing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=9:acl
12	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	swing	swing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	advcl	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notice** | past | Galileo |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **take** | present | a pendulum |  |  |  | time |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **swing** | to-infinitive | a pendulum *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 4 | **is** | present | the swing |  |  |  |  | big *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **be** |  | the swing *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:123-pendulums-greenwich-atomic-clocks.lesson:11`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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