--- title: Centuries are counted from year 1, so the 1st century was years 1 to… — Decades, centuries and millennia · tree and pragmatics description: Centuries are counted from year 1, so the 1st century was years 1 to 100, and the century's number is one more than its hundreds: the 1800s are roughly the 19th century, and we live in the 21st, from 2001 to 2100. Who acts: 1st century, number, 1800s, we. A sentence of the lesson «Decades, centuries --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/124-decades-centuries-millennia/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Decades, centuries and millennia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/124-decades-centuries-millennia/) / 2 # Decades, centuries and millennia, sentence 2 Centuries are counted from year 1, so the 1st century was years 1 to 100, and the century's number is one more than its hundreds: the 1800s are roughly the 19th century, and we live in the 21st, from 2001 to 2100. **Who acts:** 1st century, number, 1800s, we · **What happens:** count, be, live · **To what, where:** Centuries, years, 19th century, 21st This is a sentence of the lesson «Decades, centuries and millennia» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (1st century, number, 1800s, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:124-decades-centuries-millennia.lesson:2 # text = Centuries are counted from year 1, so the 1st century was years 1 to 100, and the century's number is one more than its hundreds: the 1800s are roughly the 19th century, and we live in the 21st, from 2001 to 2100. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 124-decades-centuries-millennia.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 Centuries century NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nsubj:pass _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux:pass _ _ 3 counted count VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 4 from from ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 year year NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ _ 6 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 5 flat _ _ 7 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 8 so so ADV RB _ 13 advmod _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 10 1st 1st ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 11 amod _ _ 11 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ _ 12 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 cop _ _ 13 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 obl _ _ 14 1 1 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 13 flat _ _ 15 to to ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 16 100 100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 14 nmod _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=36:punct 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=13:cc 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 20 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod:poss _ _ 21 's 's PART POS _ 20 case _ _ 22 number number NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 24 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 25 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=25:nummod 25 more more ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 13 conj _ _ 26 than than ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 28 hundreds hundred NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obl _ _ 29 : : PUNCT : _ 31 punct _ _ 30 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 31 1800s 1800 NOUN NNS Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card 36 nsubj _ _ 32 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 36 cop _ _ 33 roughly roughly ADV RB _ 36 advmod _ _ 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 35 19th 19th ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 36 amod _ _ 36 century century NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 parataxis _ _ 37 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 38 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=3:cc 39 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 41 in in ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 21st 21st NOUN NN Number=Sing|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Ord 40 obl _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 from from ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 46 2001 2001 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 40 obl _ _ 47 to to ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 2100 2100 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 46 nmod _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **count** | present · passive | | Centuries | | | year | | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 2 | **is a** | past | the 1st century | years | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is** | present | the century's number | | | | | than number's hundreds; one *obl*; more *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **is a** | present | the 1800s | the 19th century | | | | roughly *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **live** | present | we | | | the 21st | | from 2001 to 2100 | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in 21st=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:124-decades-centuries-millennia.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Decades, centuries and millennia, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/124-decades-centuries-millennia/1/) - next →: [Decades, centuries and millennia, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/124-decades-centuries-millennia/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/124-decades-centuries-millennia/)