---
title: The tropics near the equator are hot all year because the Sun's rays… — Climate zones · tree and pragmatics
description: The tropics near the equator are hot all year because the Sun's rays fall on them most directly. Who acts: tropics, rays, Sun. A sentence of the lesson «Climate zones» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Climate zones, sentence 6

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The tropics near the equator are hot all year because the Sun's rays fall on them most directly.

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**Who acts:** tropics, rays, Sun · **What happens:** be, fall, ray

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Climate zones» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tropics, rays, Sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:016-climate-zones.lesson:6
# text = The tropics near the equator are hot all year because the Sun's rays fall on them most directly.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 016-climate-zones.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tropics	tropic	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	near	near	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	equator	equator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	's	's	PART	POS	_	12	case	_	_
14	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
15	fall	fall	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	advcl	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:obl
18	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	19	advmod	_	_
19	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=7:advmod
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the tropics near the equator |  |  |  | year | hot *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fall** | present | the Sun's rays |  |  |  |  | on tropics *= tropic*; directly *property* | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on they=Location |
| 3 | **ray** |  | the Sun |  |  |  |  |  | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:016-climate-zones.lesson:6`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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