--- title: Black cats are ordinary cats; in Britain and Japan a black cat is of… — Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions · tree and pragmatics description: Black cats are ordinary cats; in Britain and Japan a black cat is often called good luck, which shows these "rules" are made up and differ from place to place. Who acts: Black cats, good luck. A sentence of the lesson «Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions» of the world course of Mova's primary sc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions/) / 16 # Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions, sentence 16 Black cats are ordinary cats; in Britain and Japan a black cat is often called good luck, which shows these "rules" are made up and differ from place to place. **Who acts:** Black cats, good luck · **What happens:** be, call, show, make up, differ · **To what, where:** ordinary cats, black cat, Britain, rules · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Black cats, good luck), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions.lesson:16 # text = Black cats are ordinary cats; in Britain and Japan a black cat is often called good luck, which shows these "rules" are made up and differ from place to place. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 2 cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 ordinary ordinary ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 5 amod _ _ 5 cats cat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 6 ; ; PUNCT : _ 5 punct _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 Britain Britain PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 Japan Japan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 12 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 cat cat NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj:pass _ _ 14 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux:pass _ _ 15 often often ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 called call VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 5 parataxis _ _ 17 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 luck luck NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 xcomp _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 20 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj _ _ 21 shows show VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 acl:relcl _ _ 22 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 24 det _ _ 23 " " PUNCT `` _ 24 punct _ _ 24 rules rule NOUN NNS Number=Plur 27 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 " " PUNCT '' _ 24 punct _ _ 26 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux:pass _ _ 27 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 ccomp _ _ 28 up up ADP RP _ 27 compound:prt _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 differ differ VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 27 conj _ _ 31 from from ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 place place NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nmod _ _ 35 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Black cats | ordinary cats | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **call** | present · passive | | a black cat | | Britain and Japan | | often *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | | 3 | **show** | present | good luck | | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **make up** | present · passive | | this rules | | | | | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Pivot | | 5 | **differ** | present | | | | | | from place to place | vn differ-23.4 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme from place=Co-Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions, 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions/15/) - next →: [Lucky socks and Grandma's superstitions, 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/161-lucky-socks-and-grandmas-superstitions/)