--- title: In careful studies where nobody knew which children had sugar, the s… — "How do you know?" · tree and pragmatics description: In careful studies where nobody knew which children had sugar, the sugar didn't change how they behaved; the excitement of a party is a likelier cause. Who acts: nobody, children, sugar, excitement. A sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its d --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/15/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / ["How do you know?"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/) / 15 # "How do you know?", sentence 15 In careful studies where nobody knew which children had sugar, the sugar didn't change how they behaved; the excitement of a party is a likelier cause. **Who acts:** nobody, children, sugar, excitement · **What happens:** know, have, not change, behave, be, excite · **To what, where:** sugar, careful studies, likelier cause, party · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nobody, children, sugar, excitement), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:15 # text = In careful studies where nobody knew which children had sugar, the sugar didn't change how they behaved; the excitement of a party is a likelier cause. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 186-how-do-you-know.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 careful careful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 studies study NOUN NNS Number=Plur 16 obl _ _ 4 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 6 advmod _ _ 5 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 6 nsubj _ _ 6 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 acl:relcl _ _ 7 which which DET WDT PronType=Int 8 det _ _ 8 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 ccomp _ _ 10 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 sugar sugar NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 nsubj _ _ 14 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 16 advmod _ _ 16 change change VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 17 how how ADV WRB PronType=Int 19 advmod _ _ 18 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ _ 19 behaved behave VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 ccomp _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 excitement excitement NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 party party NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 26 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 likelier likely ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 29 amod _ _ 29 cause cause NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 parataxis _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | past | nobody | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 2 | **have** | past | which children | sugar | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sugar=Patient | | 3 | **not** **change** | past · do-support | the sugar | | | careful studies | | | tree rules | | 4 | **behave** | past | children *= child* | | | | | | vn masquerade-29.6-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is a** | present | the excitement of a party | a likelier cause | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **excite** | | | a party | | | | | nom excitement «feeling transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:15`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: ["How do you know?", 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/14/) - next →: ["How do you know?", 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/16/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/)