--- title: Anyone can make a poster, so ask who made it and why; a poster from… — "How do you know?" · tree and pragmatics description: Anyone can make a poster, so ask who made it and why; a poster from someone selling something might not tell the whole truth. Who acts: Anyone, poster. A sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clau --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / ["How do you know?"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/) / 16 # "How do you know?", sentence 16 Anyone can make a poster, so ask who made it and why; a poster from someone selling something might not tell the whole truth. **Who acts:** Anyone, poster · **What happens:** make, ask, sell, not tell · **To what, where:** poster, excitement, something, whole truth · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Anyone, poster), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:16 # text = Anyone can make a poster, so ask who made it and why; a poster from someone selling something might not tell the whole truth. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 186-how-do-you-know.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2 1 Anyone anyone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 3 nsubj _ _ 2 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 poster poster NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 8 punct _ _ 7 so so ADV RB _ 8 advmod _ _ 8 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 9 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 10 nsubj _ _ 10 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 8 ccomp _ _ 11 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obj _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 13 cc _ _ 13 why why ADV WRB PronType=Int 10 conj _ _ 14 ; ; PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 poster poster NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 17 from from ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 someone someone PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 16 nmod _ _ 19 selling sell VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 18 acl _ _ 20 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 19 obj _ _ 21 might might AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 22 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 23 advmod _ _ 23 tell tell VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:conj 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 whole whole ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | can | Anyone | a poster | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent poster=Product | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **make** | past | | excitement | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product | | 4 | **sell** | gerund | | something | | | | | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme | | 5 | **not** **tell** *speech: assert* | might | a poster from someone | the whole truth | | | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:16`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: ["How do you know?", 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/15/) - next →: ["How do you know?", 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/17/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/)