--- title: "I just know" is not a reason; asking "How do you know?" is the quic… — "How do you know?" · tree and pragmatics description: "I just know" is not a reason; asking "How do you know?" is the quickest way to test a claim. Who acts: I, you, asking. A sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / ["How do you know?"](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/) / 8 # "How do you know?", sentence 8 "I just know" is not a reason; asking "How do you know?" is the quickest way to test a claim. **Who acts:** I, you, asking · **What happens:** know, not be, ask, be, test · **To what, where:** reason, quickest way, claim · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «"How do you know?"» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, you, asking), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:8 # text = "I just know" is not a reason; asking "How do you know?" is the quickest way to test a claim. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 186-how-do-you-know.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 4 punct _ _ 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 nsubj _ _ 3 just just ADV RB _ 4 advmod _ _ 4 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 nsubj _ _ 5 " " PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=9:punct 6 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 7 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 9 advmod _ _ 8 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 reason reason NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 11 asking ask VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 csubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:nsubj 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 13 How how ADV WRB PronType=Int 16 advmod _ _ 14 do do AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 aux _ _ 15 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 know know VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 11 ccomp _ _ 17 ? ? PUNCT . _ 16 punct _ _ 18 " " PUNCT '' _ 16 punct _ _ 19 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 cop _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 21 quickest quick ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 22 amod _ _ 22 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 parataxis _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 test test VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 acl _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 claim claim NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ _ 27 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** *in a quote* | present | I | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 2 | **not** **is a** | present | | a reason | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | gerund | | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **know** *in a quote* | present · do-support | you | | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 5 | **is a** | present | asking | the quickest way | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **test** | to-infinitive | | a claim | | | | | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent claim=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:186-how-do-you-know.lesson:8`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: ["How do you know?", 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/7/) - next →: ["How do you know?", 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/9/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/186-how-do-you-know/)