--- title: One black swan, and "all" is gone: "It's a swan, bro, and it's black… — One counterexample is enough · tree and pragmatics description: One black swan, and "all" is gone: "It's a swan, bro, and it's black. 'All' just died." Who acts: friend, All. A sentence of the lesson «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [One counterexample is enough](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/) / 2 # One counterexample is enough, sentence 2 One black swan, and "all" is gone: "It's a swan, bro, and it's black. 'All' just died." **Who acts:** friend, All · **What happens:** be, die · **To what, where:** all, swan · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «One counterexample is enough» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (friend, All), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough.lesson:2 # text = One black swan, and "all" is gone: "It's a swan, bro, and it's black. 'All' just died." # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 187-one-counterexample-is-enough.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 One one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 3 nummod _ _ 2 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 swan swan NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 10 punct _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 6 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=10:punct 7 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 10 nsubj:pass _ _ 8 " " PUNCT '' _ 7 punct _ _ 9 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=10:aux:pass 10 gone go VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 3 conj _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 16 punct _ _ 12 " " PUNCT `` _ 16 punct _ _ 13 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 swan swan NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 parataxis _ _ 17 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 18 bro bro NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ _ 22 's be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 23 cop _ _ 23 black black ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ _ 24 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 25 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 29 punct _ _ 26 All all DET DT PronType=Tot 29 nsubj _ _ 27 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 26 punct _ _ 28 just just ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 died die VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 30 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ 31 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present · passive | | all | | | | go *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | friend | a swan and bro | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **is** *in a quote* | present | friend | | | | | black *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **die** *in a quote* | past | All | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:187-one-counterexample-is-enough.lesson:2`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [One counterexample is enough, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/1/) - next →: [One counterexample is enough, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/3/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/187-one-counterexample-is-enough/)