--- title: Bats aren't blind: many see quite well, and many also use echoes to… — Saying "I was wrong" and laughing without being… · tree and pragmatics description: Bats aren't blind: many see quite well, and many also use echoes to find their way in the dark. Who acts: Bats, many. A sentence of the lesson «Saying "I was wrong" and laughing without being cruel» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every cla --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Saying "I was wrong" and laughing with…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel/) / 19 # Saying "I was wrong" and laughing without being cruel, sentence 19 Bats aren't blind: many see quite well, and many also use echoes to find their way in the dark. **Who acts:** Bats, many · **What happens:** not be, see, use, find · **To what, where:** echoes, way, dark This is a sentence of the lesson «Saying "I was wrong" and laughing without being cruel» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bats, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel.lesson:19 # text = Bats aren't blind: many see quite well, and many also use echoes to find their way in the dark. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 Bats bat NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 2 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 cop _ _ 3 n't not PART RB Polarity=Neg 4 advmod _ _ 4 blind blind ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 5 : : PUNCT : _ 7 punct _ _ 6 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 nsubj _ _ 7 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 4 parataxis _ _ 8 quite quite ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 9 well well ADV RB Degree=Pos 7 advmod _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 14 nsubj _ _ 13 also also ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 14 use use VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 conj _ _ 15 echoes echo NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ _ 16 to to PART TO _ 17 mark _ _ 17 find find VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 advcl _ _ 18 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 dark dark NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 23 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **is** | present | Bats | | | | | blind *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **see** | present | many | | | | | well *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **use** | present | many | echoes | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echo=Patient | | 4 | **find** | to-infinitive | many *not said here* | Bats's way | | the dark | | | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel.lesson:19`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Saying "I was wrong" and laughing with…, 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel/18/) - next →: [Saying "I was wrong" and laughing with…, 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel/20/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/190-saying-i-was-wrong-and-laughing-without-being-cruel/)