--- title: On an island of truth-tellers and liars, nobody can say "I am a liar… — Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★ · tree and pragmatics description: On an island of truth-tellers and liars, nobody can say "I am a liar"; if two people there say "the other one is a liar" and "we both tell the truth", the first is a truth-teller and the second a liar. Who acts: nobody, two people, other one, we. A sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: logic traps and i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/) / 11 # Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★, sentence 11 On an island of truth-tellers and liars, nobody can say "I am a liar"; if two people there say "the other one is a liar" and "we both tell the truth", the first is a truth-teller and the second a liar. **Who acts:** nobody, two people, other one, we, first, second · **What happens:** say, be, tell, liar · **To what, where:** island, liar, truth, truth teller · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (nobody, two people, other one, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then.lesson:11 # text = On an island of truth-tellers and liars, nobody can say "I am a liar"; if two people there say "the other one is a liar" and "we both tell the truth", the first is a truth-teller and the second a liar. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2 1 On on ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 island island NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 5 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ _ 6 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 5 punct _ _ 7 tellers teller NOUN NNS Number=Plur 3 nmod _ _ 8 and and CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=7:cc 9 liars liar NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 conj _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 11 nobody nobody PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Neg 13 nsubj _ _ 12 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 say say VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 14 " " PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 15 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 16 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 cop _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 liar liar NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 ccomp _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=13:parataxis 19 " " PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 if if SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 22 two two NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 23 nummod _ _ 23 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ _ 24 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 23 advmod _ _ 25 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 parataxis _ _ 26 " " PUNCT `` _ 32 punct _ _ 27 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 one one NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 30 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 liar liar NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 ccomp _ _ 33 " " PUNCT '' _ 32 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 38 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=32:cc 35 " " PUNCT `` _ 38 punct _ _ 36 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 37 both both ADV RB PronType=Tot 38 advmod _ _ 38 tell tell VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=32:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 40 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 obj _ _ 41 " " PUNCT '' _ 38 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=40:punct 42 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 first first ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 49 nsubj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=49:nsubj|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 45 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 49 cop _ _ 46 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 49 det _ _ 47 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 compound _ _ 48 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 47 punct _ _ 49 teller teller NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 conj _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 54 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=49:cc 51 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 52 det _ _ 52 second second ADJ JJ Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord 54 nsubj _ _ 53 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 liar liar NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 conj _ _ 55 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed voice=narrator | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | can | nobody | | | a island of truth tellers and liars | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | nobody | a liar | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* *a condition, not said to happen* | present | two people | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | the other one | a liar and a truth teller and a liar | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **tell** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | we | the truth | | | | both *property* | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent truth=Recipient | | 6 | **is a** | present | the first | a truth teller and a liar | | | | | tree rules | | 7 | **liar** | | the second | | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then.lesson:11`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★, 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/10/) - next →: [Olympiad: logic traps and if-then ★★★, 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/12/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/193-olympiad-logic-traps-and-if-then/)