---
title: The seasons do not come from the Earth being nearer to or farther fr… — The seasons and the tilt of the axis · tree and pragmatics
description: The seasons do not come from the Earth being nearer to or farther from the Sun: the Earth is in fact closest to the Sun in early January, in the northern winter. Who acts: seasons, Earth. A sentence of the lesson «The seasons and the tilt of the axis» of the world course of Mova's primary school wit
---

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# The seasons and the tilt of the axis, sentence 4

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The seasons do not come from the Earth being nearer to or farther from the Sun: the Earth is in fact closest to the Sun in early January, in the northern winter.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** seasons, Earth · **What happens:** not come, be · **To what, where:** Earth, fact

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of the lesson «The seasons and the tilt of the axis» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (seasons, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:002-seasons-and-the-tilt.lesson:4
# text = The seasons do not come from the Earth being nearer to or farther from the Sun: the Earth is in fact closest to the Sun in early January, in the northern winter.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 002-seasons-and-the-tilt.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=5:obl|HaikuPos=NOUN:NN:Number=Sing
9	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	cop	_	_
10	nearer	near	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	acl	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	farther	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	10	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=10:conj|HaikuPos=ADJ:JJR:Degree=Cmp
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
23	closest	close	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	parataxis	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	early	early	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	northern	northern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **come** | present · do-support | the seasons |  |  | the Earth |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from earth=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | the Earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  | near *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | present | the Earth |  |  | fact |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:002-seasons-and-the-tilt.lesson:4`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [The seasons and the tilt of the axis, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/2-seasons-and-the-tilt/3/)
- next →: [The seasons and the tilt of the axis, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/2-seasons-and-the-tilt/5/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/2-seasons-and-the-tilt/)