--- title: Animals with a backbone are vertebrates: mammals have hair or fur an… — Groups of animals and how to tell them apart · tree and pragmatics description: Animals with a backbone are vertebrates: mammals have hair or fur and feed their babies milk; birds have feathers and lay hard-shelled eggs; fish live in water, breathe with gills and most have scales and fins. Who acts: Animals, mammals, birds, fish. A sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Groups of animals and how to tell them…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/) / 1 # Groups of animals and how to tell them apart, sentence 1 Animals with a backbone are vertebrates: mammals have hair or fur and feed their babies milk; birds have feathers and lay hard-shelled eggs; fish live in water, breathe with gills and most have scales and fins. **Who acts:** Animals, mammals, birds, fish, most · **What happens:** be, have, feed, lay, shell, live · **To what, where:** vertebrates, hair, babies milk, feathers, shelled eggs, water This is a sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, mammals, birds, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:1 # text = Animals with a backbone are vertebrates: mammals have hair or fur and feed their babies milk; birds have feathers and lay hard-shelled eggs; fish live in water, breathe with gills and most have scales and fins. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 024-animal-groups.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1 1 Animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 2 with with ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 3 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 backbone backbone NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 nmod _ _ 5 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 6 vertebrates vertebrate NOUN NNS Number=Plur 0 root _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 8 mammals mammal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 9 nsubj _ _ 9 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 10 hair hair NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 11 or or CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 fur fur NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 14 feed feed VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=9:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf 15 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ _ 16 babies baby NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 compound _ _ 17 milk milk NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obj _ _ 18 ; ; PUNCT : _ 20 punct _ _ 19 birds bird NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 nsubj _ _ 20 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 21 feathers feather NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 22 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 23 lay lay VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 24 hard hard ADV RB Degree=Pos 26 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:compound 25 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 24 punct _ _ 26 shelled shell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 27 amod _ _ 27 eggs egg NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ _ 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 29 fish fish NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 nsubj _ _ 30 live live VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 31 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 34 breathe breathe VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=20:parataxis|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 35 with with ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 gills gill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 obl _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 39 nsubj _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=39:advmod|HaikuPos=ADV:RBS:Degree=Sup 39 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 40 scales scale NOUN NNS Number=Plur 39 obj _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 42 fins fin NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 conj _ _ 43 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=20:punct ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} No stored speech act for this sentence. | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | Animals with a backbone | vertebrates | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **have** | present | mammals | hair or fur | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hair=Patient | | 3 | **feed** | present | mammals *not said here* | animals's babies milk | | | | | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent milk=Theme | | 4 | **have** | present | birds | feathers | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient | | 5 | **lay** | present | birds *not said here* | shelled eggs | | | | | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result | | 6 | **shell** | participle | | | | | | hard *property* | vn pelt-17.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **live** | present | fish | | | water | | | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location | | 8 | **breathe** | present | fish *not said here* | | | | | with gills | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **have** | present | most | scales and fins | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scale=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Groups of animals and how to tell them…, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/0/) - next →: [Groups of animals and how to tell them…, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/)