---
title: Animals without a backbone are invertebrates: insects have six legs… — Groups of animals and how to tell them apart · tree and pragmatics
description: Animals without a backbone are invertebrates: insects have six legs and three body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), while spiders have eight legs and two body parts. Who acts: Animals, insects, spiders. A sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova
---

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# Groups of animals and how to tell them apart, sentence 3

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Animals without a backbone are invertebrates: insects have six legs and three body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), while spiders have eight legs and two body parts.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Animals, insects, spiders · **What happens:** be, have · **To what, where:** invertebrates, six legs, eight legs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, insects, spiders), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:3
# text = Animals without a backbone are invertebrates: insects have six legs and three body parts (head, thorax, abdomen), while spiders have eight legs and two body parts.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 024-animal-groups.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	backbone	backbone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	invertebrates	invertebrate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
8	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
10	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	nummod	_	_
11	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
14	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=11:nmod
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
17	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	thorax	thorax	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	abdomen	abdomen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
22	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
25	spiders	spider	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=9:conj
27	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	28	nummod	_	_
28	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	obj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	32	nummod	_	_
31	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	compound	_	_
32	parts	part	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Animals without a backbone | invertebrates |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | present | insects | six legs and three body parts |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |
| 3 | **have** | present | spiders | eight legs and two body parts |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leg=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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