---
title: Birds have feathers, a beak and lay eggs with hard shells. — Groups of animals and how to tell them apart · tree and pragmatics
description: Birds have feathers, a beak and lay eggs with hard shells. Who acts: Birds. A sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Groups of animals and how to tell them apart, sentence 8

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds have feathers, a beak and lay eggs with hard shells.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Birds · **What happens:** have, lay · **To what, where:** feathers, eggs

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Groups of animals and how to tell them apart» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:8
# text = Birds have feathers, a beak and lay eggs with hard shells.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 024-animal-groups.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:conj|HaikuPos=VERB:VB:VerbForm=Inf
9	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	shells	shell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | Birds | feathers and a beak |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient |
| 2 | **lay** | present | Birds *not said here* | eggs |  |  |  | with hard shells | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:024-animal-groups.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Groups of animals and how to tell them…, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/24-animal-groups/7/)
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