---
title: A life cycle is the series of changes a living thing goes through fr… — Life cycles · tree and pragmatics
description: A life cycle is the series of changes a living thing goes through from birth to adult and new young. Who acts: life cycle, living thing. A sentence of the lesson «Life cycles» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Life cycles, sentence 5

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A life cycle is the series of changes a living thing goes through from birth to adult and new young.

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**Who acts:** life cycle, living thing · **What happens:** be, go through · **To what, where:** series, changes, birth

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Life cycles» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life cycle, living thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:025-life-cycles.lesson:5
# text = A life cycle is the series of changes a living thing goes through from birth to adult and new young.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 025-life-cycles.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	series	series	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	changes	change	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
12	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
13	through	through	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	birth	birth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
19	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	conj	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a life cycle | the series |  |  |  | of changes | tree rules |
| 2 | **go through** | present | a living thing | changes *not said here* |  | birth to adult |  | through *property* | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location change=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:025-life-cycles.lesson:5`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Life cycles, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/25-life-cycles/4/)
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- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/25-life-cycles/)