---
title: A predator hunts and eats other animals, called its prey. — Food chains and food webs · tree and pragmatics
description: A predator hunts and eats other animals, called its prey. Who acts: predator, other animals. A sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Food chains and food webs, sentence 10

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A predator hunts and eats other animals, called its prey.

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**Who acts:** predator, other animals · **What happens:** hunt, eat, call · **To what, where:** other animals, prey · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (predator, other animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:10
# text = A predator hunts and eats other animals, called its prey.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	predator	predator	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | present | a predator |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **eat** | present | a predator *not said here* | other animals |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient |
| 3 | **call** | participle | other animals *not said here* | food's prey |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent prey=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:10`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Food chains and food webs, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/9/)
- next →: [Food chains and food webs, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/11/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/)