---
title: Fungi, such as mushrooms and moulds, bacteria, which are living thin… — Food chains and food webs · tree and pragmatics
description: Fungi, such as mushrooms and moulds, bacteria, which are living things far too small to see, and earthworms are decomposers. Who acts: bacteria, Fungi. A sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve
---

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# Food chains and food webs, sentence 12

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Fungi, such as mushrooms and moulds, bacteria, which are living things far too small to see, and earthworms are decomposers.

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**Who acts:** bacteria, Fungi · **What happens:** live, see, be · **To what, where:** things, decomposers

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bacteria, Fungi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:12
# text = Fungi, such as mushrooms and moulds, bacteria, which are living things far too small to see, and earthworms are decomposers.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Fungi	fungi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
3	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	5	case	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	3	fixed	_	_
5	mushrooms	mushroom	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=1:appos
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	moulds	mould	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	bacteria	bacteria	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
12	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	living	live	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl:relcl	_	_
14	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
15	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	17	advmod	_	_
16	too	too	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	earthworms	earthworm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
23	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	24	cop	_	_
24	decomposers	decomposer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	24	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present · progressive | bacteria | things |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme thing=Location |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | bacteria *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | present | Fungi such mushrooms and moulds and bacteria | decomposers |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:12`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Food chains and food webs, 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/11/)
- next →: [Food chains and food webs, 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/13/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/)