---
title: Producers make their own food using the energy of sunlight. — Food chains and food webs · tree and pragmatics
description: Producers make their own food using the energy of sunlight. Who acts: Producers. A sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Food chains and food webs, sentence 7

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Producers make their own food using the energy of sunlight.

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**Who acts:** Producers · **What happens:** make, use · **To what, where:** own food, energy

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Producers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:7
# text = Producers make their own food using the energy of sunlight.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Producers	producer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Ger	2	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	energy	energy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	sunlight	sunlight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Producers | plant's own food |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset food=Product |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | Producers *not said here* | the energy of sunlight |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent energy=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Food chains and food webs, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/6/)
- next →: [Food chains and food webs, 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/8/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/)