---
title: Consumers are living things that get their food by eating other livi… — Food chains and food webs · tree and pragmatics
description: Consumers are living things that get their food by eating other living things. Who acts: Consumers, things. A sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Food chains and food webs, sentence 8

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Consumers are living things that get their food by eating other living things.

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**Who acts:** Consumers, things · **What happens:** live, get, eat · **To what, where:** things, food, other living things

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Food chains and food webs» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Consumers, things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:8
# text = Consumers are living things that get their food by eating other living things.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change
1	Consumers	consumer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	living	live	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	get	get	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	living	living	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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No stored speech act for this sentence.

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present · progressive | Consumers | things |  |  |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme thing=Location |
| 2 | **get** | present | things | consumers's food |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer food=Stimulus |
| 3 | **eat** | gerund | things *not said here* | other living things |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:026-food-chains-and-webs.lesson:8`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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- ← previous: [Food chains and food webs, 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/7/)
- next →: [Food chains and food webs, 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/9/)
- ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/26-food-chains-and-webs/)