--- title: An adaptation is a feature of the body or behaviour that helps a liv… — Habitats and adaptations · tree and pragmatics description: An adaptation is a feature of the body or behaviour that helps a living thing survive in its habitat; adaptations grow over very many generations (parents, then their young, then their young's young, and so on), not during one animal's life. Who acts: adaptation, feature, living thing, adaptations. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Habitats and adaptations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/) / 1 # Habitats and adaptations, sentence 1 An adaptation is a feature of the body or behaviour that helps a living thing survive in its habitat; adaptations grow over very many generations (parents, then their young, then their young's young, and so on), not during one animal's life. **Who acts:** adaptation, feature, living thing, adaptations · **What happens:** be, help, survive, grow · **To what, where:** feature, living thing, habitat, many generations This is a sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (adaptation, feature, living thing, adaptations), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:1 # text = An adaptation is a feature of the body or behaviour that helps a living thing survive in its habitat; adaptations grow over very many generations (parents, then their young, then their young's young, and so on), not during one animal's life. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3 1 An a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 adaptation adaptation NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 3 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 4 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 feature feature NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nmod _ _ 9 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 behaviour behaviour NOUN NN Number=Sing 8 conj _ _ 11 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 12 nsubj _ _ 12 helps help VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 living living ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 16 survive survive VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 xcomp _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 habitat habitat NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obl _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 21 adaptations adaptation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ _ 22 grow grow VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 23 over over ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 24 very very ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 25 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 generations generation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=22:obj 27 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 28 punct _ _ 28 parents parent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 appos _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=26:conj 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 32 advmod _ _ 31 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 parataxis _ _ 33 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=32:punct 34 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 38 advmod _ _ 35 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=38:nmod:poss 36 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 37 's 's PART POS _ 36 case _ _ 38 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 12 xcomp _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 42 cc _ _ 41 so so ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 42 on on ADP IN _ 12 obj _ _ 43 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 42 punct _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 45 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 50 advmod _ _ 46 during during ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 47 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 48 nummod _ _ 48 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 nmod:poss _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=50:compound 49 's 's PART POS _ 48 case _ _ 50 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 conj _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** | present | a adaptation | a feature | | | | of the body or behaviour | tree rules | | 2 | **help** | present | a feature | a living thing | | | | young *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **survive** | infinitive | a living thing *not said here* | | | thing's habitat | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in habitat=Location | | 4 | **grow** | present | adaptations | many generations | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:1`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Habitats and adaptations, 0](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/0/) - next →: [Habitats and adaptations, 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/2/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/)