---
title: A polar bear has thick fat, dense fur and black skin under its pale… — Habitats and adaptations · tree and pragmatics
description: A polar bear has thick fat, dense fur and black skin under its pale fur; it has small ears and wide feet for walking on snow. Who acts: polar bear, fat, small ears. A sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# Habitats and adaptations, sentence 3

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A polar bear has thick fat, dense fur and black skin under its pale fur; it has small ears and wide feet for walking on snow.

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**Who acts:** polar bear, fat, small ears · **What happens:** have, walk · **To what, where:** thick fat, small ears, snow

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (polar bear, fat, small ears), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:3
# text = A polar bear has thick fat, dense fur and black skin under its pale fur; it has small ears and wide feet for walking on snow.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	polar	polar	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	thick	thick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	dense	dense	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	Agree=R3-conj-first|Haiku=9:conj
13	under	under	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
15	pale	pale	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	fur	fur	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=4:conj
20	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
25	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
26	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	acl	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a polar bear | thick fat and dense fur and black skin under fat's pale fur |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fat=Patient |
| 2 | **have** | present | fat | small ears and wide feet |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ear=Patient |
| 3 | **walk** | gerund | small ears and wide feet *not said here* |  |  | snow |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on snow=Trajectory |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:3`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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