--- title: In a rainforest, monkeys have gripping hands and tails for the trees… — Habitats and adaptations · tree and pragmatics description: In a rainforest, monkeys have gripping hands and tails for the trees, and many animals have colours that help them hide (camouflage) or that warn they are poisonous. Who acts: monkeys, many animals, colours, that. A sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's prim --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Habitats and adaptations](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/) / 5 # Habitats and adaptations, sentence 5 In a rainforest, monkeys have gripping hands and tails for the trees, and many animals have colours that help them hide (camouflage) or that warn they are poisonous. **Who acts:** monkeys, many animals, colours, that · **What happens:** have, grip, help, hide, warn, be · **To what, where:** gripping hands, rainforest, colours, camouflage · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of the lesson «Habitats and adaptations» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkeys, many animals, colours, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:5 # text = In a rainforest, monkeys have gripping hands and tails for the trees, and many animals have colours that help them hide (camouflage) or that warn they are poisonous. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change 1 In in ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 rainforest rainforest NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obl _ _ 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 5 monkeys monkey NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 nsubj _ _ 6 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 gripping grip VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 8 amod _ _ 8 hands hand NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obj _ _ 9 and and CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 10 tails tail NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 conj _ _ 11 for for ADP IN _ 13 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 13 det _ _ 13 trees tree NOUN NNS Number=Plur 8 nmod _ _ 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 nsubj _ _ 18 have have VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 19 colours colour NOUN NNS Number=Plur 18 obj _ _ 20 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 21 nsubj _ _ 21 help help VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 19 acl:relcl _ _ 22 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 21 obj _ _ 23 hide hide VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 21 xcomp _ _ 24 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 25 camouflage camouflage NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 obj _ _ 26 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 25 punct _ _ 27 or or CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 28 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 29 nsubj _ _ 29 warn warn VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 30 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 32 poisonous poisonous ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 ccomp _ _ 33 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **have** | present | monkeys | gripping hands and tails | | a rainforest | | for the trees | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient | | 2 | **grip** | gerund | | | | | | | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **have** | present | many animals | colours | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient | | 4 | **help** | present | colours | colours *= colour* | | | | | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent they=Beneficiary clause=Theme | | 5 | **hide** | infinitive | colours *= colour* *not said here* | camouflage | | | | | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent camouflage=Patient | | 6 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | that | | | | | | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is** | present | monkeys *= monkey* | | | | | poisonous *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:027-habitats-and-adaptations.lesson:5`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Habitats and adaptations, 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/4/) - next →: [Habitats and adaptations, 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/6/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/27-habitats-and-adaptations/)