---
title: Migrating birds find their way using the Sun, the stars, landmarks a… — Migration and hibernation · tree and pragmatics
description: Migrating birds find their way using the Sun, the stars, landmarks and the Earth's magnetism. Who acts: Migrating birds. A sentence of the lesson «Migration and hibernation» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Migration and hibernation, sentence 7

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Migrating birds find their way using the Sun, the stars, landmarks and the Earth's magnetism.

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**Who acts:** Migrating birds · **What happens:** migrate, find, use · **To what, where:** way, Sun

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This is a sentence of the lesson «Migration and hibernation» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Migrating birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:028-migration-and-hibernation.lesson:7
# text = Migrating birds find their way using the Sun, the stars, landmarks and the Earth's magnetism.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 028-migration-and-hibernation.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1
1	Migrating	migrate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Part	2	amod	_	_
2	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	find	find	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	using	use	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	advcl	_	Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=3:xcomp
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:obj
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	landmarks	landmark	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Earth	Earth	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	's	's	PART	POS	_	16	case	_	_
18	magnetism	magnetism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **migrate** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | present | Migrating birds | birds's way |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic |
| 3 | **use** | gerund | Migrating birds *not said here* | the Sun and the stars and landmarks and the Earth's magnetism |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:028-migration-and-hibernation.lesson:7`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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