--- title: The phases are not made by the Earth's shadow: hold a ball at arm's… — The Moon and its phases · tree and pragmatics description: The phases are not made by the Earth's shadow: hold a ball at arm's length near a lamp, turn slowly around, and you will see all the phases on the ball yourself. Who acts: shadow, you, Earth. A sentence of the lesson «The Moon and its phases» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dep --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/3-the-moon-and-its-phases/4/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [The Moon and its phases](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/3-the-moon-and-its-phases/) / 4 # The Moon and its phases, sentence 4 The phases are not made by the Earth's shadow: hold a ball at arm's length near a lamp, turn slowly around, and you will see all the phases on the ball yourself. **Who acts:** shadow, you, Earth · **What happens:** not make, hold, turn around, see, shadow · **To what, where:** phases, ball, length This is a sentence of the lesson «The Moon and its phases» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shadow, you, Earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:003-the-moon-and-its-phases.lesson:4 # text = The phases are not made by the Earth's shadow: hold a ball at arm's length near a lamp, turn slowly around, and you will see all the phases on the ball yourself. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 003-the-moon-and-its-phases.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 phases phase NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 nsubj:pass _ _ 3 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 aux:pass _ _ 4 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 5 advmod _ _ 5 made make VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 6 by by ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 Earth Earth PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod:poss _ _ 9 's 's PART POS _ 8 case _ _ 10 shadow shadow NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl:agent _ _ 11 : : PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 12 hold hold VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 15 at at ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 16 arm arm NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nmod:poss _ _ 17 's 's PART POS _ 16 case _ _ 18 length length NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ _ 19 near near ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 lamp lamp NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=18:nmod 22 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 23 turn turn VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 24 slowly slowly ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=25:advmod 25 around around ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ Agree=R1-cc-next|Haiku=12:cc 28 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 29 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 conj _ _ 31 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 33 det:predet _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 phases phase NOUN NNS Number=Plur 30 obj _ _ 34 on on ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 ball ball NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 37 yourself yourself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 30 obl:unmarked _ _ 38 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **not** **make** | present · passive | the Earth's shadow | the phases | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product | | 2 | **hold** | infinitive | | a ball | | arm's length | | near a lamp | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ball=Theme at length=Location | | 3 | **turn around** | infinitive | | | | | | around, slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **see** | future | you | all phases | | the ball | | yourself *obl:unmarked* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer phase=Stimulus | | 5 | **shadow** | | the Earth | | | | | | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:003-the-moon-and-its-phases.lesson:4`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R5-strong ×2. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [The Moon and its phases, 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/3-the-moon-and-its-phases/3/) - next →: [The Moon and its phases, 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/3-the-moon-and-its-phases/5/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/3-the-moon-and-its-phases/)