--- title: When an animal eats, most of the energy in its food is used up for m… — Balance in a food web · tree and pragmatics description: When an animal eats, most of the energy in its food is used up for moving, keeping warm and living, and only a small part (about a tenth) is built into its body and can pass on to whoever eats it. Who acts: animal, whoever. A sentence of the lesson «Balance in a food web» of the world course of Mova --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/0/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/) / [World](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/) / [Balance in a food web](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/) / 0 # Balance in a food web, sentence 0 When an animal eats, most of the energy in its food is used up for moving, keeping warm and living, and only a small part (about a tenth) is built into its body and can pass on to whoever eats it. **Who acts:** animal, whoever · **What happens:** eat, use up, move, keep, live, build · **To what, where:** most, small part, body, animal This is a sentence of the lesson «Balance in a food web» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (animal, whoever), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = school:world:030-balance-in-food-webs.lesson:0 # text = When an animal eats, most of the energy in its food is used up for moving, keeping warm and living, and only a small part (about a tenth) is built into its body and can pass on to whoever eats it. # source = school lesson (ours) # course = world # lesson = 030-balance-in-food-webs.lesson # annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 4 mark _ _ 2 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 animal animal NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 eats eat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 advcl _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 6 most most ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 14 nsubj _ _ 7 of of ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 energy energy NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nmod _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 food food NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 13 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 used use VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 15 up up ADP RP _ 14 compound:prt _ _ 16 for for SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 17 moving move VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 14 advcl _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 19 punct _ _ 19 keeping keep VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 17 conj _ _ 20 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 xcomp _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 22 living live VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 19 conj _ _ 23 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 24 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 25 only only ADV RB _ 28 advmod _ _ 26 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 part part NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 nsubj:pass _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:parataxis 29 ( ( PUNCT -LRB- _ 32 punct _ _ 30 about about ADV RB _ 32 advmod _ Agree=R7-rel-agree|Haiku=32:case|HaikuPos=ADP:IN:_ 31 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 tenth tenth NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 appos _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=35:nsubj:pass 33 ) ) PUNCT -RRB- _ 32 punct _ _ 34 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 35 aux:pass _ _ 35 built build VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=28:acl:relcl 36 into into ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 37 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 38 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 obl _ _ 39 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 40 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 41 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 35 conj _ Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=14:conj 42 on on ADP RP _ 41 compound:prt _ _ 43 to to ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 whoever whoever PRON WP PronType=Rel 45 nsubj _ _ 45 eats eat VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 obl _ _ 46 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 45 obj _ _ 47 . . PUNCT . _ 14 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **eat** | present | a animal | | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **use up** | present · passive | | most of the energy in animal's food | | | | | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 3 | **move** | gerund | | | | | | | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **keep** | gerund | | | | | | warm *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **live** | gerund | | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **build** | present · passive | | a small part | | animal's body | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into body=Product | | 7 | **pass on** | can | | | | | | | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **eat** | present | whoever | animal | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:030-balance-in-food-webs.lesson:0`. **The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×4, R7-rel-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence. See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/). - ← previous: [Classifying unusual animals, 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/29-classifying-unusual-animals/16/) - next →: [Balance in a food web, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/1/) - ↑ back to [the lesson](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/world/30-balance-in-food-webs/)