---
title: Smoking damages the lungs and makes it harder for them to take in ox… — The heart, blood and breathing · tree and pragmatics
description: Smoking damages the lungs and makes it harder for them to take in oxygen. Who acts: Smoking, lungs. A sentence of the lesson «The heart, blood and breathing» of the world course of Mova's primary school with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The heart, blood and breathing, sentence 18

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Smoking damages the lungs and makes it harder for them to take in oxygen.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Smoking, lungs · **What happens:** damage, make, take · **To what, where:** lungs, oxygen

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This is a sentence of the lesson «The heart, blood and breathing» of the world course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smoking, lungs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = school:world:032-heart-blood-breathing.lesson:18
# text = Smoking damages the lungs and makes it harder for them to take in oxygen.
# source = school lesson (ours)
# course = world
# lesson = 032-heart-blood-breathing.lesson
# annotation = Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1
1	Smoking	smoking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	Agree=R8-pos-agree|Haiku=2:nsubj|HaikuPos=VERB:VBG:VerbForm=Ger
2	damages	damage	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=6:conj
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lungs	lung	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	Agree=R5-strong|Haiku=0:root
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	harder	hard	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	xcomp	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	Agree=R6-punct-agree|Haiku=6:punct
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .note -->
No stored speech act for this sentence.

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **damage** | present | Smoking | the lungs |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lung=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present | Smoking *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **take** | to-infinitive | lungs *= lung* |  |  | oxygen |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in oxygen=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Licence: [CC BY-SA 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/)**, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, `mova-school-agreed-en.conllu`) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence `school:world:032-heart-blood-breathing.lesson:18`.

**The tree:** Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the [release 0.4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/releases/0.4/).

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